Author name: Pete Lindgren

Marquette and Frontenac are the two flagship cold-hardy red wine grapes from the University of Minnesota. Both survive brutal northern winters, but they differ in hardiness zone, acidity, and wine style. Here is a side-by-side comparison to help you decide which one belongs in your vineyard.

Petite Pearl is an ultra-cold-hardy red wine grape (USDA Zone 4, -30°F/-34°C) bred by independent Minnesota breeder Tom Plocher. Unlike most cold-hardy reds, it produces low-acid juice with genuine tannin structure – making a serious, age-worthy dry red wine. Here is everything you need to grow it.

Frontenac Gris is a cold-hardy aromatic white grape hybrid rated to -35°F (-37°C), released by the University of Minnesota in 2003 as a bud-sport color mutation of Frontenac. Grow it in USDA Zone 3 and warmer for fragrant peach-apricot off-dry whites and dessert wines – with the same bulletproof vine management as its red parent.

Itasca is the University of Minnesota’s newest cold-hardy white wine grape (released 2017), rated hardy to −30°F (−34°C). Its key advantage over La Crescent: lower natural acidity that makes a crisp, balanced dry white without heavy acid correction. Ripens early to mid-season with pear, apricot, and melon aromatics.

La Crescent is a cold-hardy white wine hybrid from the University of Minnesota (2002) that survives to around −35°F (−37°C). With intensely aromatic flavors of apricot, citrus, and honey, it produces outstanding off-dry and dessert-style whites in Zones 3–5. Here’s everything you need to know to grow it successfully.

Niagara is a vigorous white American grape — the so-called ‘White Concord’ — prized for fresh eating, white juice, jelly, and sweet white wine. Hardy to roughly Zone 5 (around -15°F / -26°C), it thrives in a long, warm summer. Here is everything you need to know to grow it at home.

The Valiant grape survives down to -45°F (-43°C) and thrives in USDA Zones 2-3, making it the hardiest cultivated grape available. Released by SDSU in 1982, it produces dark blue juice and jelly grapes with early ripening ideal for the shortest northern seasons.

Frontenac is the first cold-hardy red wine hybrid released by the University of Minnesota (1996), rated to -35°F (-37°C) and USDA Zone 3. Learn how to grow, prune, and harvest this vigorous vine – and how to manage its signature high acidity in the winery to make rosé, dry red, and port-style wines.

Marquette is a cold-hardy red wine hybrid from the University of Minnesota (released 2006) that survives winters down to around -30°F (-34°C). It is rated for USDA Zone 4 and warmer, ripens mid-to-late season, and produces a medium-bodied dry red wine with cherry, black pepper, and earthy complexity. This guide covers site selection, planting, training, winter care, disease management, harvest, and winemaking for cold-climate home vineyards.

Catawba is one of America’s oldest wine grapes — a pink, slip-skin labrusca hybrid with rich history dating to the 1820s. It’s cold-hardy to around USDA Zone 5–6 (-10 to -20°F / -23 to -29°C), but its Achilles heel is a very long ripening season. If you’re in Zone 4 or shorter-season areas, read this before you plant.